Appalachian Communities Health Emergency Act (or the ACHE Act) - Summer

Advisor: Kathleen Callahan 

This report assesses the scientific basis of the Appalachian Communities Health Emergency Act (H.R. 526), which addresses health impacts associated with mountaintop removal coal mining. Mountaintop removal involves explosive blasting and valley fills that release particulate matter, heavy metals, and other contaminants into air and water systems. Epidemiological studies indicate correlations between mining activity and elevated rates of respiratory illness, cancer, and water contamination in affected communities. The bill proposes a moratorium on new permits pending comprehensive health impact assessments and mandates continuous environmental monitoring.

The team evaluates the scientific framework of health risk assessments, emphasizing exposure pathways through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. Recommended indicators include baseline environmental quality data, contaminant monitoring, and long-term health outcome tracking. The report concludes that the Act is grounded in precautionary scientific principles and public health methodology. However, economic dependence on coal mining and political controversy may complicate implementation. If enacted with rigorous scientific standards and transparent communication, the Act could meaningfully protect vulnerable Appalachian communities.

Learn more about the MPA-ESP Workshop in Applied Earth Systems Management.