ITSF Y4005 Education in Emergencies. 3 pts. This is a Teachers College course. For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y4011y Social Context of Education 3 pts. This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y4013y Literacy and Development 2-3 pts. This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y4055y Resource Allocation in Education 3 pts. This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y4090x Issues and Institutions: International Educational Development 3 pts.

This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y4091y Comparative Education 3 pts. This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ITSF Y5199y (Section 3) Issues: Labor Economics 3 pts. This is a Teachers College course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Teachers College Schedule of Classes at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tc-schedule/schdsearch.cgi SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

ENVP U6224y Environmental Data Analysis 3 pts. Environmental Data Analysis is focused on bringing to students a rigorous look at the statistical analysis of environmental data in different contexts through a combination of lectures and laboratory exercises. We will look at emerging tools and methods for environmental data analysis across four topic areas; climate change assessments, environmental justice, land use and land cover change and impacts of natural hazards on populations.

We will explore applications of multilevel modeling analysis, regression techniques, risk assessment, cost-benefit analysis, cluster analysis, and data visualization techniques within these topic areas. Underlying all our analysis will be the goal of learning how to apply statistical and data visualization techniques to affect policy and decision-making. All laboratory exercises will illustrate the research process from data collection to publication. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: PESP.

ENVP U6228y Corporate Sustainable Development and the Role of Government in Advancing Environmental and Social Performance 3 pts. Corporate sustainable development optimizes the environmental and social performance and governance of a firm to improve its long term competitiveness and asset value. The drivers for companies that embrace sustainability include building brand value, product differentiation, cost and risk reduction and enhancement of environmental and social conditions through their operations and the goods and services they provide. For example, companies that embrace sustainability do not view regulatory compliance as an endpoint, but as one of the many measures of corporate performance. This course focuses on the environmental dimensions of corporate decision-making, commencing with an historical perspective on the emergence of corporate sustainability, and then addressing the underpinnings and elements of this rapidly evolving field. We will explore this subject from the perspective of multinational corporations, midsize firms serving regional or niche national markets, and small businesses directly contributing to the creation of sustainable local economies. This course will also address the role of government in fostering the widespread transition toward corporate sustainability. Governments at all levels are informing and engaging the private sector to advance this agenda, including: establishing green procurement requirements; providing technical support and incentives to advance sustainable practice; creating frameworks for environmental markets; and engaging in public/private partnerships that facilitate research and demonstration. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: PESP.

ENVP U6250x Poverty, Inequality, and the Environment 3 pts. Progress and Poverty (1879), by the American economist and philosopher Henry George, was a worldwide bestseller and major impetus to reform movements in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. George argued that owners of land and other natural resources--a small fraction of the population--gain most of the benefits of economic growth. They also withhold high quality resources from use, driving down wages and forcing economic activity to sprawl out onto marginal land. His remedy: "We must make land common property," not by nationalizing it, but by collecting the surplus (economic rent) by taxation, using the revenue for public benefit. See (www.schalkenbach.org/100-years-later.html.) Today, George's ideas powerfully influence both the field of ecological economics and the commons movement. (See www.onthecommons.org.) In this course we will read Progress and Poverty, examining how well George's ideas have stood the test of time. We will read excerpts from predecessors and contemporaries of George, including Adam Smith, David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx and Thorstein Veblen. We will also read modern authors, including economist Mason Gaffney and commons movement founder Peter Barnes. Topics we will cover include: Poverty, its definition and measurement. Inequality of wealth and income, and the relationship of inequality to poverty, wage levels, health, environmental destruction and "sustainability". Population size, age structure and geographic distribution. Economics of common resources. Economic rent and property rights. Economics of cooperation and competition. Inequality, trade and global sprawl. Growth and the boom and bust cycle. Economics of time--how do and should we make decisions about the future? Tax and other policy options. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: PESP.

ENVP U6260y Climate Change in Africa 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Anthropogenic climate change is fast becoming the pivotal issue of our time. Excessive carbon emissions in our atmosphere have begun to change the global climate and researchers predict more drastic changes in the future. Climate change is characterized not only by global warming but also by changing patterns of precipitation, temperature extremes, increased frequency of tropical storms, and rising sea level. These changes will have dramatic impacts on social development worldwide. Climate change may aggravate existing problems in the developing world, including overuse of natural resources and overpopulation. Africa in particular is projected to suffer more from anthropogenic climate change than any other region of the world, despite having contributed least to its causes. This is not so much or not only because climate change will manifest itself in more extreme form in Africa, but rather because Africa is more vulnerable. Therefore, though climate problems are inherently global in nature, they are of particular relevance to policy makers in Africa. This course will address the impact of climate change in Africa in two parts. The first half of the course will provide the global context for climate change adaptation in Africa, with readings from the 4th Assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and discussion of global mechanisms in adaptation to climate change. The 4th Assessment report of the IPCC details the climate changes researchers have already observed worldwide. The report also assesses the probable causes of these changes and offers projections of future climate change. Additionally, IPCC researchers propose strategies to mitigate climate change effects on communities and nations while pursuing sustainable development.The second half of the course will focus on the environmental policy challenges facing Africa through a case study - the long-term drought experienced in the Sahel since the late 1960's. SIPA: Africa. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy.

INAF U4090x Humanitarian Affairs Practicum 1.5 pts. This seven-week practicum is designed to give students from a variety of disciplines a background in some of the psychosocial issues associated with fieldwork in the context of complex emergencies. Practitioners from humanitarian aid organizations, public health experts, trauma specialists and managers from international organizations will present sessions focusing on psychosocial issues that confront fieldworkers in conflict settings. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U4409x Political, Social & Economic Development in Brazil 1.5 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course is a practicum, which has been designed to enable you to discuss major problems of contemporary Brazil with important political figures, business representatives, activists and analysts. Normally the guest speaker will make an opening statement of approximately 40 minutes and the rest of the time will be devoted to a discussion. Guest speakers may recommend one or two articles or documents they have written, or that they think are particularly relevant, for the policy issues they will discuss. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Latin America. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U4410y Political, Social & Economic Development in Brazil 1.5 pts. This course is set-up in a form of a practicum where major activists concerned with Brazilian political, social and economic development will be asked to address a policy problem and discuss their proposals for effective changes. Other speakers will analyze the government's policies but will also discuss major new reports or studies, and bring to our attention key issues that are not yet on the policy agenda. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Latin America. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U4420y Oil, Rights and Development 1 pt. This multi-layered role-playing simulation, based on a fictitious country, allows exploration of the challenges associated with initiation of a major industrial venture in a developing country as regards any or all of the following: macro-economic and political factors; identification of priorities; environmental management; complications arising from ethnic and religious conflicts; health management (including HIV/AIDS); community development aspects; reconciliation of the interests of a wide variety of stakeholders; media management; achievement of the largest possible Circle of Consensus. The simulation is conducted over two consecutive days and some 50 to 80 participants role-play up to twenty separate entities, including an international industrial company and its competitor, government factions, opposition groups, a local community and wide varieties of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and of media. As in real life, some more general knowledge of the situation is available to all entities, but each one has sole access to information (which may overlap with that of others) which is unique to its own perspective. The emphasis is therefore on sharing and on cooperation to make progress against tight deadlines, on managing information of various degrees of reliability and of balancing conflicting demands. There is no "single right answer" but through the process participants have an opportunity to explore the interplay of a very wide range of factors and develop strategies which are based on a holistic appreciation of the problems involved and on creation of alliances which are by no means obvious at the beginning of the simulation. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U4656y Latin America Poverty Laboratory 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The Latin America Poverty Lab is an experimental course being offered for the first time in Spring 2011. It is led by an economist, but it is truly multi-disciplinary at its core, reliant as it is on insights from numerous disciplinary approaches to be contributed by a stream of eight invited lecturers. As much of this research is occurring in such multilateral institutions as the UNDP, the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank, researchers from these institutions will occasionally be invited to the Laboratory to share their methods and insights with the participants in the seminar. A number of the Columbia faculty researchers will be organizing workshops outside of scheduled class meeting times during the Spring semester on specialized poverty-related topics. The core mission of the Poverty Laboratory is to create a platform for an exchange of ideas between experts and students on the state of poverty and poverty alleviation research in Latin America. The platform is expected to contribute to the training of graduate students at Columbia by exposing them to ongoing research and research methods, acquainting them with data sources, and helping them to create durable contacts with academic research and multilateral institutions engaged in poverty agendas. The intense interaction with scholars and practitioners from inside and outside Columbia will help students prepare for practical careers in global development or for further academic studies at the M.A. or Ph.D. levels in poverty and poverty alleviation. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Latin America.

INAF U4727y Environmental Politics & Policy Management 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Environmental policies reflect society's decisions about what to do to address environmental problems, formalized through institutions of governance. Now more than ever, it is urgent that we design and carry out environmental policies that are effective at resolving adequately defined problems, and also represent the consensus of those who are governed. This course prepares students professionally and intellectually for this important task. In the course we consider how politics - the negotiation of power - shapes, enables and constrains the formation environmental policies; and how management - the coordination of people and other resources to achieve goals - makes, breaks, or muddles their implementation. To undertake this inquiry, we will look at the role of the law, markets, organizations, and technology in the structuring the interplay among environmental politics, policy, and management. The focus of this course will be U.S. Environmental Politics, Policy, Management and institutions, but we will be looking at global regimes of climate change governance, environmental policy in China, and considering other transnational and global issues as well. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy.

INAF U4759y Human Rights Practicum 1 pt. The Human Rights Practicum is a forum where human rights practitioners and academics share with students their professional experiences and insights on the modern development of international human rights law, policy and practice. It plays an important role in the Human Rights Concentration as a means by which students are able to examine current trends in the human rights field and remain informed about the different roles that human rights actors play in a variety of contexts. The Practicum is designed, therefore, to enhance students' abilities to think critically and analytically about current problems and challenges confronting the field, and to do so in the context of a vibrant community of their peers. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs.

INAF U4890y Topics in Contempoary Turkey 3 pts. This course proposes to examine in depth some of the major debates and issues faced by the citizens of the Turkish Republic at the present time. In doing so this course will briefly examine the origins of the modern Turkish State with a focus on how the founding realities and myths have aided or hindered contemporary Turkish society. This course will give particular emphasis to the interplay of domestic and international agendas in the larger framework of the current Turkish debates on such topics as accession negotiations to join the European Union, the PKK, civil society and the rights of women and ethnic minorities. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Middle East.

INAF U6011y Introduction to Microfinance 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This is an introductory course covering the basics of microfinance, including the developmental context for microfinance, as well as an overview of microfinance clients, lending methodologies, products, and regulation. It will also provide a thorough understanding of the role of capital markets in microfinance and give students a real-time understanding of issues faced by microfinance institutions in different countries. This course seeks to provide an in-depth look at the financial, organizational and strategic challenges facing the microfinance industry. Participants will leave the course with a grounded understanding of microfinance across different contexts. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6016x and y Cost-Benefit Analysis 3 pts. This course aims to provide an introduction to the basic principles of cost-benefit analysis, i.e., the economic appraisal of public investment projects, expenditures, programs, and regulations. I will begin with a relatively brief review of the techniques of financial appraisal (i.e. cash flow analysis) of projects, since similar techniques are used in most cost-benefit analysis exercises. However, while a financial analyst for a private, profit--making entity focuses only on the net cashflows the entity receives from a project, the cost-benefit analyst has to consider a proposal's economic costs and benefits from a societal perspective. This course should be most directly relevant for those who intend to pursue careers in the public sector as analysts/applied economists with governmental agencies, public authorities, multilateral institutions, or research institutes/think-tanks. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: Management. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track.

INAF U6017x and y International Trade 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6400 The course has two dimensions: theory and policy. In the former, the fundamental models of international trade theory will be presented. Using these models we will try to understand why countries specialize and trade, what determines the pattern of trade (i.e., which country will export which good), and how trade affects relative prices, welfare, and income distribution within a country. The second part of the course deals with issues concerning trade policy. We will compare the effects of and rationale behind the usage of various policy instruments such as tariffs, subsidies, quotas, etc. The political economy of trade policy and trade policy in developing countries will also be covered. Additional topics may be included at a later stage if time permits. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U6018x and y International Finance & Monetary Theory 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6401 This is a "methods" course meant to provide students with the analytic tools necessary to think through "real life" international economic policy situations. The class is primarily meant for those interested in working at international financial institutions, the foreign-service, Wall Street, or the financial press. Lectures will, in part, be fairly rigorous though, if the student has taken first year economics, knows basic algebra, and (most importantly) can navigate graphs, he/she will be able to handle the material fairly easily. While theory will at times dominate, its policy relevance will be illustrated through i) l0-minute discussions at the beginning of every class on topical issues; ii) continuous references to recent economic/market episodes meant to illustrate the theoretical material; iii) reading short pieces of Wall Street research that cover timely market topics; and iv) the term paper that will be graded on how well theory and policy are integrated. In terms of topics, the first half of the semester will develop an analytic framework that thinks though the concept of the "exchange rate" in terms of its (short and long term) determinants as well as the interaction between the exchange rate and macro variables such as growth, inflation, and monetary policy. The second half of the semester we will investigate individual themes including exchange rate regimes; BoP crises and contagion; global imbalances and the savings glut; the role of FX in "inflation targeting" regimes; and capital markets and emerging markets finance. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U6022y Economics of Finance 3 pts. Finance deals with the theory of how households and firms use capital markets to allocate resources over time. The course will equip you with a solid theoretical foundation you can use to evaluate projects, investments and funding decisions. It will further acquaint you with the details of debt, equity and derivatives markets so you can apply your knowledge to practical problems SIPA: MIA- Financial Management. SIPA: MPA- Financial Management. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Management.

INAF U6039x and y International Banking 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6401 & SIPA U6200 An overview of current issues and major trends in global banking, exploring the distinction between developed and emerging markets, and focusing on the perspectives from the different actors and constituencies in the international markets: customers, regulators, governments, rating agencies, institutional investors, multilateral agencies, and management. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance.

INAF U6040y Energy Project Finance and Valuation 3 pts.(Formerly International Energy Project Development) This course provides an introduction to the processes and issues involved in developing and financing a major international energy project. It examines the interests and roles of the project "stakeholders": governments of the countries in which the energy is produced and consumed; project sponsors (multinational oil and gas companies, state-owned enterprises and other equity investors); lenders (public and private); local partners; and energy buyers. The course will use as a model a multi-billion dollar project in the Middle East that supplies liquefied natural gas (LNG) to South Korea, India, Europe and the United States, and will compare this project with other LNG projects as well as an international oil pipeline project and an international power project. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6041y Corporate Social Responsibility: A Human Rights Approach 3 pts. This course is designed to provide students the opportunity to learn about the growing importance of human rights and their impact in the world today. Through an in-depth examination of the field of business and human rights students will gain an understanding of the existing and emerging international human rights framework relevant to business, learn ways in which business and human rights intersect, and be exposed to the range of methods and tactics being employed by human rights advocates and businesses to address their human rights impacts. By the end of the course, the student will have a firm grasp of the current business and human rights debates, and be able to critically evaluate the efficacy of applying human rights standards to corporations and the effect of corporate practices on human rights. Classroom discussion will include a review of trends in human rights; the development of human rights principles or standards relevant to corporations; human rights issues facing business operations abroad; the growing public demand for greater accountability; strategies of civil society advocacy around business and human rights; collaborative efforts between business and non-profit organizations; and other issues managers must deal with. Through guest lectures, students will have the opportunity to engage first hand with business managers and advocacy professionals dealing with these issues. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U6042x and y Energy Business & Economic Development 3 pts. Energy is a key input and a key business in economic development. The course first develops the current understanding of the economic development process, with a focus on the role of energy, and energy businesses and markets. Then we examine development problems and policies in resource dependent economies, middle income reforming economies, low income economies and conclude with a look at the interface between economic development and environmental protection. Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6045x or y International Capital Markets 3 pts. The course will acquaint you modern international capital markets. You can expect to learn a substantial amount of up-to-date detail and some useful theory. Specifically, we will survey global markets for credit, equity, foreign exchange, foreign exchange derivatives, futures, interest rate swaps, credit default swaps and asset backed securities. In each case, we will learn the highlights of payments and settlement, documentation, regulation, applications for end-users, related economic theory and pricing models. The class will cover options and asset pricing theory; however, the treatment will be informal and designed to help develop intuition. One lecture each will be devoted to international banking (with an emphasis on changing capital regulation), investment banks, and hedge funds. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U6046x Media and Economic Development 3 pts. Media has an important role to play in the economic development of emerging countries. Much scholarly work has been done on how the media can help promote good governance, sound policy making and economic growth. However, the reality is often very different. Underpaid and poorly trained journalists struggle to write about economics and business. They often work in newsrooms that lack resources and they face tremendous political and commercial pressures. This research seminar will look first at the theory of what role the media should play and then examine how journalism actually copes with these multiple challenges. We will spend a lot of time looking at media coverage of economics and development to see how it lives up to the grand ideals. We will consider how developing country journalists engage with government, international organizations and civil society. A key question addressed by the course is explaining why the media has often failed to live up to expectations. We will consider subjects such as censorship, ownership and the effect that donor-driven training has on the media. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IMAC.

INAF U6051y Infrastructure Investment and Development 1.5 pts. Key question: How to harmonize the diverse objectives of private investors, public sector officials, multilateral institutions and other key actors in the development of international infrastructure projects. This course will examine the principles underlying global infrastructure investment and explore effective strategies to encourage development of facilities for transportation, water, energy, healthcare and education. The classes will focus primarily upon three or more specific case studies of recent projects. Subjects of examination will include Linha Quatro of the Metrô de São Paulo, the Kenya-Uganda Rift Valley Railway and the Guangdong Province water system. The projects will be examined from the perspectives of financial investors, industrial operators, creditors, including commercial banks and multilateral institutions, government policymakers and the public. Issues discussed will include risk allocation, delivery methods and the evolving cast of global investors. Course dates: 1/23/2012 - 3/5/2012SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: Short Courses. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6053y Creating a Social Enterprise 3 pts. The course will focus primarily on the knowledge and skills required to launch a social enterprise. The class will include an overview of Social Enterprises around the globe and will look at various enterprise models (for profit, non-profit) and their role in the broader market economy. Class time will focus on the analysis of Case Studies and the vetting of real social enterprise business plans. The course will center on a Group Project where teams of three (3) will work together to build a plan for launching their own, new Social Enterprise. In the process, students will learn how to define, design, market, sustain and scale their concept. At the end of the course, students will submit a formal business plan and budget and will present their plan to a panel of experts in the field. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management.

INAF U6060x International Energy Systems & Business Structures 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Policy makers cannot be effective without a thorough understanding of what is to be influenced, guided, or regulated. The purpose of this introductory core course in the International Energy Management and Policy track is to provide you with that understanding. It is a foundational course upon which you will build your understanding of the energy industry as you progress with your matriculation. The course covers conventional and alternative sources of energy and the business structures through which these sources of energy are transformed to electricity, fuels, chemicals, plastics, and a wide variety of other substances and materials that play a vital role in the functioning of modern society. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: PEPM.

INAF U6061x International Energy Policy: Growth, Energy, Technology and the Environment 3 pts. Energy and climate change are the main challenges of the 21st century, together with the elimination of poverty in the world. There is no silver bullet, however the adoption of a number of sensible policies and technologies (international dialogue, national action plans, investment in R&D, renewable energy, electrical mobility, energy efficiency) may have a strong impact sooner and at a lower cost than may be expected . The course will integrate several dimensions of this challenge: economic growth, energy, technological change and global warming. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6068y (Section 1) Economic Analysis of Environmental Policies 3 pts. This is a semester-long introductory course in environmental economics. It is designed to introduce students to economic approaches to understanding and managing pollution and natural resources. There is a wide conception that the environmental and economic systems are fundamentally at odds, but hopefully, by the end of this class, you will have a more refined view. We will start the class by a quick review of the fundamental welfare theorem of economics, which states that under certain conditions, markets outcomes are efficient. This forms the basis for why economists so strongly believe in markets. We will then examine why some of those "certain conditions" might not be met for environmental problems, and whether hence government intervention is warranted or whether the market can self-regulate these problems. This forms the basis for the rest of the class where we look in more detail at cases where the government has regulated certain economic activity / pollution and whether it has done so in an efficient way. We will discuss four approaches how the government can intervene and regulate. In the last part we look at ways how the government should choose the optimal level of regulation. Finally, time permitting, we will look at several specific environmental problems in more detail, e.g., water, air, and climate change. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: PESP. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6085y The Economic Development of Latin America This course aims at familiarizing students with historical and contemporary debates on Latin American economic development and its social repercussions. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Latin America.

INAF U6127y The Rise of BRIC Through a mix of analytical overview and practical cases, the class will discuss, from a practitioner's point of view: the rise of the BRICs ; the strengths and weaknesses of each of the BRICs and will do a comparative analysis of the four countries ; several fundamental themes linked to the rise of BRIC: expansion of the middle class ; pressures on commodities ; development of capital and investment markets ; research and innovation ; how countries and international companies position themselves vis-à-vis the rise of BRIC ; and the role of BRICs in the world governance. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U6139y International Organizations 3 pts. The way we see the world is determined by the mental maps we make of it. In international affairs, the nation state is still seen as the essential building block of political and social organization, which defines how the world interacts globally. Yet, this perception is to some extent an illusion: people function at many levels simultaneously, in their family, in their community, in their nation, in their region, and globally -- and the scope of the issues addressed varies accordingly, from the choice of a family physician, the selection of a school board or the establishment of fair taxation rates, all the way to the broadest concerns about nuclear threats and the implications of climate change. And at each functional level, there are matching institutions that allow for joint decision making.

INAF U6151y Human Rights and Children 1.5 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course is designed to introduce international law and standards on children's rights, analyze the ways in which they have been implemented (or ignored), and consider ways in which these rights can be achieved. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the leading international treaty on children's rights, has been in effect for twenty years and sets forth states' obligations to enforce these rights. The course will focus on five substantive areas: children and armed conflict, including the use of children as soldiers and attacks on education; worst forms of child labor, including child trafficking; juvenile justice; right to health; and migrant children. Class discussions will include how to identify violations of children's rights, how to form a strategy to eliminate or ameliorate them, how to raise national and international consciousness of these abuses, and how to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies and advocacy undertaken. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6163y Political Economy of African Development 3 pts. This course focuses on economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa from a political economy perspective. It is divided into three sections. The first section examines the broad economic trends, policies and strategies of the past 50 years. The Washington Consensus and the "lost decades" are examined in some detail. The focus of this part is on economic growth and structural change, notably the controversies around economic policies and institutions. In the second section the course turns to socioeconomic dimensions and aspects of development including poverty, inequality, employment, health, education, and gender. The final section concludes with an examination of the implications of climate change, debates around foreign aid and an overview of what we have learned. Some readings are to be finalized. SIPA: Africa. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6164y (Section 1) Political Economy of Development: Africa and the World This course tackles the big questions and theories in development through the case of sub-Saharan Africa. We compare development patterns within Africa, but understand the continent (and the process of development) by comparing it to the Americas, Asia, and (to some extent) the development of the West. Course restricted to EPD concentrators. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6190x Complex Emergencies: Root Causes to Rebuilding 3 pts. This course forms an introduction to the broader program on humanitarian affairs. We will address the root causes of complex humanitarian emergencies, the practices of humanitarian intervention, the main actors, and the opportunities and dilemmas for rebuilding. We will also discuss the main critiques of humanitarian action and possible alternatives. The course advocates the principle that humanitarian aid should be provided from a (long-term) development perspective? otherwise it can reinforce conflict and exclusion. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: UN Studies.

INAF U6205y Technopolitics, Democracy and Development SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6211y ICTs and New Media for Development and Social Change 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The aim of this course is to provide a theoretical and practical framework for students to understand participatory approaches to new media and information and communication technologies to address the advancement of the Millennium Development Goals and social change, with a special focus on low and middle income countries. Each session will include an introduction to basic theories that provide a critical lens through which mobile phone and computer-based applications and tools can be designed to solve problems in health, education, agriculture, small business development, and environmental sustainability. Cross-cutting themes that will be explored include gender, public-private partnerships, and policy dimensions of information and communication for development (ICTD) as well as the newly emerging fields of mHealth, mLearning, mBanking, etc. Through the use of case studies and a term-long project, the technology project life-cycle will be explored in an applied setting. Specifically students will be guided through the process of conducting needs assessments; applying ethnographic research methods to understanding work, communication, and information flows; participatory program and application design; systems development and local adaptation; testing and usability assessments; implementation; and evaluation. Applications that will be reviewed in more detail during the course include: RapidSMS (Project Mwana and others) and ChildCount+, Mangrove, Ushahidi, EpiSurveyor, FrontlinSMS, Open Data Kit and many others. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IMAC. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6221y Navigating by Starlight - the Challenges of Conflict Resolution 3 pts. What brings adversaries to the negotiating table? Who can actually end a conflict? How important are mediation tactics to resolving a conflict? Has international advocacy changed the way conflict resolution is approached? This course will develop students understanding of key aspects of international conflict resolution by examining these and other fundamental questions, through discussion of different case studies. Conflicts in Algeria, Angola, Bosnia, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan will be among those discussed. Students will draw generic lessons or observations from each case while also developing an appreciation for the unique nature of different conflicts. Supplementary case studies will also be integrated through lecture and targeted readings. Priority for this course will be given to second-year students. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U6242y Energy Policy 3 pts. The course provides a survey and analysis of the various dimensions, domestic and international, of policy formulation that, taken together, constitute energy policy. These dimensions include contributing to access to and production of natural energy resources; insuring the security and reliability of energy sources; promoting the diversity of fuels and development of new technologies in light of energy security and climate change mitigation objectives; promoting energy conservation and energy efficiency; environmental regulation at the domestic (air and water quality) and global (climate) levels. The objectives inspiring these policies are pursued through a combination of reliance on energy markets; subsidies and tax policy; development of energy infrastructure and a broad array of international policies influencing relations among and between net exporting and net importing countries. The origin of each policy issue, and lessons from significant "market failures," are examined and the consequences of policy alternatives are evaluated. The major legal and regulatory themes of U.S. energy policy are examined (Part 1) and so are the essential dimensions of international policies affecting the international energy scene. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6243y International Environmental Policy 3 pts. This course examines issues central to the theory and practice of international environmental politics. It provides a foundation of conceptual frameworks and factual knowledge for individuals planning work in this or related fields. Readings, lectures and discussion address many issues but we focus on factors that contribute to or impede the creation and implementation of effective international environmental policy. The course consists of three interrelated sections: (1) The Process and Difficulty of Creating and Implementing Effective International Environmental Policy; (2) The Setting for International Environmental Politics: Actors, Issues, Trends, and Law; and (3) Causal Factors in Creating Effective International Environmental Policy and Regimes. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy.

INAF U6253x Introduction to International Development 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course is the gateway introductory course for those concentrating on Economic and Political Development. As such, this course will provide participants with a framework and context for their programmatic work over the next two years. The course aims to provide students with: 1) a systematic overview of how development approaches, actors and perspectives have changed over time. 2) a historically informed understanding of ongoing debates concerning not only how to promote development (means) but also what constitutes "development" (ends). 3) an introduction to current thinking on how development intersects with human rights, conflict resolution and humanitarian affairs. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6256y Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development 3 pts. The purpose of this course is to introduce, critically analyze and experiment with cutting-edge ideas in social entrepreneurship from the "North" (US, Europe) and the "South" (Africa and Asia) with a special focus on initiatives and enterprises focused on sustainable development and poverty reduction. Making markets work for the poor requires an understanding of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in the developing world as strategies and untapped opportunities to add value to society by harnessing market forces that blend human, financial and social capital resources to achieve replicability and scale in every development domain, such as mobile health technologies, microfinance, renewable energy, water, education, fair trade, and agriculture. This course adopts both theoretical and applied cases, team-based field experiments and distinguished guest speakers in the teaching process to ensure that students gain an understanding of their roles as change makers and social entrepreneurs, and feel equipped to handle the complexities involved in designing hybrid models for efficient service delivery to the world's poor (i.e., through public spending, development assistance, philanthropy and private or social sector "impact" investments). SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U6295y Democracy and World Religions 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. In the first generation of democratization theory the two most neglected areas were nationalism and religion. From the mid-1990s, this vacant space has been dominated largely by a discourse generated by Samuel Huntington's The Clash of Civilizations and by policy activists concerned with terrorism and intrigued by the possibility of the United States and some of the other large powers installing democracy from above. Democratic theorists, comparativists and policy activists must attempt to re-examine the terms of this debate and to provide new conceptual and policy alternatives where appropriate. Unfortunately, though the role of religion in world affairs is one of the most important and difficult issue areas of our era, it has also been one of the least studied themes in political science. This course is designed to help address this shortcoming. The course is divided into four units, each devoted to a set of questions and problems that are now central to modern political debates about the role of religion in modern politics, especially to questions of democracy, and intolerance and tolerance within, and between, the major religions of the world. Unit 1 will feature Western Europe from the view-point of the core received theories about Christianity and democracy and actual practice. Unit 2 will test Huntington's theories about the negative role of Confucianism and Orthodox Christianity. Unit 3 will explore and explain the very different patterns of religious conflict and tolerance in South Asia, with special attention to India's equal respect, equal distancing style of secularism. In Unit 4 we will integrate what we have learned so far to see if we can rethink some of the fundamental puzzles about Islam and politics. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6301x and y Corporate Finance 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6200 or PEPM U6223 Corporate finance is an introductory finance course; it is a core course for students taking the International Finance and Policy (IFP) concentration. The course is designed to cover those areas of business finance which are important for all managers, whether they specialize in finance or not. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: Management.

INAF U6359x Global Economic Governance 3 pts. This course aims at familiarizing students with major issues surrounding global economic governance and its effects on developing countries. It will start with two general lectures that will deal with the objectives of international cooperation, the historical evolution of the current governance and typologies of the different rules, organization and governance structures that have been created at varied times. It will then deal in detail with major topics in the broad agenda of global economic governance, exploring both issues that are the subject of current debates as well as the institutional questions involved. "Global economic governance" is understood in a broad sense, to refer both to global and regional frameworks, as well as those rules of international transactions that have been left to bilateral agreements or are under the domain of national sovereignty. "Economic" is also understood in a broad sense, to include also social and environmental issues. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Intl Org.

INAF U6362x Global Collective Action 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Prerequisites: SIPA U4200 or SIPA U6400 This course develops a framework in which the role of institutions emerges endogenously. The course then applies this to a large number of cases, from climate change to nuclear non-proliferation; from big science research to over-fishing; from war to peacekeeping; from disease eradication to choosing technical standards. The course shows what globalization really means. It also reveals the relationship between global (and regional) collective action and international development. Applying the framework requires tools. Economics enables us to express the consequences of different outcomes in comparable units. It also exposes fundamental incentives. Game theory makes us consider who the players are, what their choices are, and the nature of their interaction. Game theory explains why institutions (like treaties) exist and what they are and are not able to do. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Intl Org.

INAF U6368x Women and Globalization 1.5 pts. This course will relate the topics of globalization to women and focus on how globalization has and is affecting women's lives around the world. With a case-study focus, we will explore how globalization has either fostered or inhibited the utilization of the female talent pool in certain contexts. Case studies will include Middle East, India, Russia, China and Latin America. Course Dates: 9/06/12 - 10/18/12SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6370y (Section 001) Women & Global Leadership 1.5 pts. This practicum will explore the progress of women's leadership on a global scale. We will look at women's leadership in both the public and the private sphere. In addition to understanding the current status of women's leadership around the globe, we will examine the competitive advantages successful integration of women brings about for a country or a company. Finally, we will look to understand the obstacles which have inhibited women's further progress in both of these arenas. The course will be taught in an interactive seminar format. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6373x or y Gender Policy Practicum The Gender Policy Practicum creates a forum in which policy experts from different academic disciplines and fields of practice can share their experiences and perspectives with SIPA students. Through the Practicum, students will explore gender integration in various SIPA concentrations and specializations, as well as in multiple arenas of policy development and implementation. Students will be introduced to current trends and debates related to the promotion of gender equality in different fields of policy practice and will be encouraged to think critically about these issues and their relevance to their academic and professional goals. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6375x Gender and Livelihoods: From Displacement to Early Recovery 3 pts. This course will address the effects of conflict on livelihoods, how livelihoods can be re-vitalized during population displacement, how promoting economic self-reliance underpins all other humanitarian work, the impact on the protection of women and men, and how these programs are prerequisite for and can be linked with post-conflict recovery and development. The impact of conflict, displacement and livelihoods on gender, gender norms, and gender power relations will be addressed throughout. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6405x Human Rights & Development Policy 3 pts. Human rights can provide a framework for shaping development policies. How will the observance of human rights criteria in planning, implementing and evaluating development projects and policies contribute to their effectiveness and sustainability? The class will examine development policy choices and their impact by juxtaposing the interests and points-of-view of the various stakeholders involved in designing and implementing development policies. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U6406x International Response to Landmine Challenge 1.5 pts. The Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction effectively seeks to permanently eliminate landmines. The origins, negotiation, and implementation of this December 1997 international agreement forms the substantive core of this course. The course will continue by examining the operationalization of the Convention. What programs have been implemented and which have proved to be successful? What is the geographic scope of the humanitarian threat posed by landmines in October 2004? What roles are states, international organizations and nongovernmental organizations playing? As a practical example of global humanitarian intervention by the international community, what challenges remain and how best can they be tackled? Finally, how "successful" has the Ottawa Convention been?SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: UN Studies. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6412y State & Society in the Developing World 3 pts. This seminar presents political economy perspectives on development focusing in particular on the role of the state in development, the impact of state intervention on social structure and economic change, as well as recent transformation of such relations under the pressure of globalization. This course is an advanced seminar that requires background knowledge of development theories and their evolution, as well as familiarity with basic social science theories and methods. The course emphasizes comparative methods and introduces students to a wide range of social science theories applied to different parts of the developing world. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6424x Political Development in the Third World 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Any course on a field as broad as development and in a geographical space as large as the Third World would no doubt have to be selective. This course will explore the formation of the modern State in the Third World. It is conceived to meet the needs of political science students with a strong interest in theory and MIA students interested in applied development. We will explore some major theoretical perspectives on development, political sociology and political economy as they relate to the experience of some regions of the Third World. Students are expected to acquire some sense of the geographical location, recent past and present of the Third World. A map quiz will be organized to test your knowledge of the geographical location of the countries of the Third World. This course comprises an introduction, and three parts, each of which explores from a comparative perspective one major aspect of development in the Third World. These parts deal respectively with political history (Part I), political sociology (Part II) and political economy (III). However, students are encouraged to make presentations on the main themes explored in this course as they relate different regions of the developing world. Starting from week 3 or 4 of class, a team of three to five students will make a twenty to twenty five minute power point presentation on one aspect of the course related to the topic of the day. These presentations will provide to students the opportunity to research a theme in depth, allow the class as a whole to benefit from the in-depth research and encourage meaningful class discussion. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U6426y Energy Industry in Latin America Not offered in 2012-2013. This course will examine the energy industry in energy-exporting countries of Latin America, which are expected to play an ever greater role in the international energy business during the coming decades. Latin American producers account for an important share of global energy resources and a substantial percentage of oil and gas trade flows, and at the same time they are becoming themselves fast-rising consumers of energy. Managing economic development in these countries generally has presented a major challenge to their governments. This is especially evident in the energy sector, where policy issues facing the governments include, inter alia, the nature and extent of foreign direct investment and the appropriate role of foreign companies (both private and government-controlled). We will emphasize strategic-level management issues that face energy industry decision-makers in the government and private sectors as they address the formulation of policies, strategies, alliances and investment plans. The first half of the course will consider the general nature of international business as it applies to the energy industry in the region, and the second half will consider the specific situation in a number of key countries: Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico, Argentina, the Andean group, and selected island nations in the Caribbean. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy.

INAF U6429y Energy Industry in the BRICS This course will examine the energy industry in the BRICS from a comparative perspective, emphasizing both similarities (notably the role of state-owned companies and the challenges of fast domestic growth) and differences. Special attention will be devoted to the strategic-level management issues facing decision-makers in the government and private sectors as they address the formulation of policies, strategies, alliances and investment plans. The first part of the course will consider the general nature of international business as it applies to the energy industry in the BRICS, and the remainder of the course will consider the specific situation in the individual member countries and their impact on global energy markets. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

INAF U6440x Peace Operations in Fragile States 3 pts. This course will focus on peace operations and the stabilization of fragile states. It will assess the various tools used by the International community and the evolution in their use: the deployment of military forces, transitional authorities, multidimensional operations, security sector reform, rule of law and transitional justice, support to political processes. It will conclude with an examination of the evolving broader political context and the growing challenge it poses to effective stabilization strategies: an increasingly divided international community, limited consent of host countries, obstacles to effective reform of the United Nations. The course will be entirely based on case studies drawn from operations of the last 20 years. Assignments and classroom discussion are designed to prepare students for professional work in developing or implementing stabilization strategies in fragile states. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U6475x Social Welfare and Development 3 pts. This course will explore the comparative and global political economy of contemporary systems of social and labor protection in developing (including post-socialist) countries, known as "welfare regimes." Economic globalization, struggles over democratization, shifting and competing policy paradigms at the international level, and the assistance strategies of international financial institution and non-governmental donors will all be discussed as important contextual, and at times decisive, influences. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U6480x Poverty and Development in Local Perspective 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Poverty alleviation is one of the central goals of development. In this course we will discuss the origins of poverty, debates about how to define it, and potential solutions to eliminate it worldwide. We will discuss poverty and gender, urban versus rural poverty, migration and its effects, and many other topics. Case studies will include China, because of the claims made about its success in poverty alleviation during its last two decades of rapid industrialization, and India, the nation with the largest number of poor people worldwide. The course, taught by an anthropologist, will adopt a local perspective in order to understand poverty�s full effects on a society and culture. In keeping with the spirit of anthropology, we will fully consider the views of poor people about their own lives and about potential solutions to poverty. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U6490y International Humanitarian Law 1 pt. The overall aim of the course is to help students to understand the system of international humanitarian law and to obtain the professional skills and insight to use that knowledge in the context of complex humanitarian operations. Upon completing the course, students should understand the historical development and system of international law applicable in armed conflict situations, be familiar with the basic principles of international humanitarian law applicable to all armed conflicts including the basic rights of those who support victims in wars and conflicts, be able to analyze specifically the law guiding humanitarian operations, understand the rapid development of the law in responding to changes in warfare strategies in tactics and understand basic responses to serious violations of the law. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: UN Studies. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6495y Politics & Practice of Humanitarian Assistance in the New Millennium 1.5 pts. Humanitarian agencies became major players in the intra-state conflicts that characterized the 1990s. However, this prominence also led to critical examination, both from within and outside these agencies. The dilemmas of field workers led to new questions: How can the challenges presented by the fragmentation of state authority be addressed? Is there a way to link relief to development? Is there a relationship between humanitarian assistance and conflict resolution/peace-building activities? How can relief agencies manage their relations with the parties to a conflict? How do human rights and humanitarian aid intersect? The experience of the 1990s has made it clear to humanitarian agencies that technical skills were no longer sufficient - their staff also needed political and analytical skills to navigate in insecure environments. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs.

INAF U6497y Humanitarian Crisis-East Congo 1 pt. The overall aim of the course is to help students to understand the situation in Eastern Congo and how humanitarian organizations intervene. Upon completing this course students should: 1. Understand the historical development and current status of the conflict in Eastern Congo. 2. Be familiar with the basic operations, dilemmas, as well as achievements and shortcomings of several humanitarian NGOs active in Eastern Congo. 3. Understand the breakdown of state or better administrative institutions, in particular the education and health systems. SIPA: Africa. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: UN Studies. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6538y (Section 1) State Building in the Developing World This class examines why some countries are poor and others rich, why some govern themselves well and others govern themselves poorly, and why some are peaceful while others have collapsed into conflict or civil war. Hence, this course tries to give you a survey of some of the big questions we ask when we study state building and the political economy of development. Course restricted to EPD concentrators. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6556y United Nations: Challenges and Alternatives 3 pts. Does the United Nations matter? The course will offer a broad assessment and analysis of the place, performance and potential of the United Nations within the nation-state system. It will assess the world body based on a range of distinct expectations through the prism of global threats, global norms and global responsibilities. Increasingly the world is confronted with phenomena - related to both security and development - which require global responses; the question this course seeks to answer is to what extent can we rely on the UN to act as a global instrument for constructive change? The United Nations does not exist in isolation. It is shaped by the broad political context in which it operates. The course will first examine the changing nature of world politics and the new challenges it poses to the world organization in the 21st century, both the end of the Cold War and the impact of 9/11 having profoundly shaped the framework within which policy and action must take place. In particular the course will examine the emergence of new threats (the unprecedented role of non-state actors, the emergence of a single hyper-power and the reformulation of state sovereignty) which go beyond borders and the reach of individual states - no matter how powerful they may be - and which require a global response. Will the United Nations be up to the challenge? And, we must also ask, who exactly is the United Nations? SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U6561y Conflict Prevention, Peacebuilding & Development 1.5 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Course objectives are to to become acquainted with conflict environments and the broad range of actors and approaches, notably within the UN, involved in promoting development in crisis and post-conflict situations; To engage the students in the policy and programme elements of a development-oriented response to conflict and post-conflict and to introduce them to the research and policy development and programming methods of the United Nations or other international organisations; to introduce students to what it feels like to work with these issues daily, within the UN or other work environments, and to guide them through the complexities of the ogranisations' policy-setting and decision-making arrangements; to become familiar with the case studies, and through this, develop practical understanding of the issues and the tools available to the international community. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: UN Studies. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U6564y Applied Peacebuilding: Fieldwork 3 pts. Instructor Permission Required This course exposes students to conceptual and practical skills needed to develop a "reflective practice" orientation to applied professional work in international peace building and conflict resolution. The class focuses on skills for designing, implementing, and evaluating conflict resolution interventions. During the semester, students co-design projects, creating specific objectives and activities in collaboration with a Project Supervisor in a pre-selected field-based partner institution. Students are encouraged to work in teams of 2-3 in the course. Students implement the project during the summer, taking into consideration changes on the ground, through internships under the guidance of their field-based Project Supervisors. Students return in the fall to deliver a report of their activities in the field reflecting on their experiences and presenting their findings to the SIPA community. The course supports students in developing critical practical skills and experiences in managing a conflict resolution project while exploring the professional field of applied conflict resolution. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U6570y Challenging Sovereignty 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The assumption that states maintain control over their sovereign affairs is still widely held in international relations theory and practice, yet in international politics today a variety of intergovernmental and private actors regularly violate state sovereignty. This course explores the many ways in which the traditional political, economic and security functions of states are being undermined and reconfigured by external actors including international organizations and private non-state actors. In some cases, states quite willingly choose to cede their sovereignty, whereas others have conditions and policies externally imposed upon on them. The course assesses the implications of these new sovereign influences for international policymakers. Regionally, we will focus on developments in the former Communist states of East Europe and the former Soviet Union, however the topics and concepts explored in the course are applicable to other areas and all students are welcomed. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: ISP.

INAF U6602y Economic Development for International Affairs 3 pts. The goal of this course is to provide an overview of the economics of international development. The key objective is to give students a framework to think about the processes that drive economic development, as well as policies that might promote it. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP.

INAF U6609y Macroeconomics of Development The course will focus on major macroeconomic policy questions for developing countries, including trade liberalization, foreign direct investment policy, capital account liberalization, technology policy, and exchange rate policy. It will critically examine the state-versus-market and the globalization-versus-national development debates between mainstream economists and their heterodox critics. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6636y Financial Services in Brazil: A Comparative Examination 3 pts. This course seeks to provide a solid understanding of the workings of the Brazilian financial services industry through an in-depth examination of its evolution over the past three decades and comparison with the financial services industries of the U.S., Mexico - the second largest economy in Latin America - and of India and China - the two largest emerging economies in Asia. Specific aspects to be examined include the role of commercial banks in the financing of consumption and of capital investment, the workings of domestic fixed income and equity capital markets, the impact of sovereign risk on access to international capital markets, bank regulation and supervision, and the roles of private sector banks - domestic and foreign - and public sector banks. At the end of the course students are expected to have managed to achieve not only a thorough understanding of the workings of the financial services industry in Brazil but feel also equipped to conduct similar exercises for the financial services industries of other countries. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Latin America.

INAF U6653y Higher Education, Policy and Development in Asia The course has been designed to enable students to understand and discuss major evolutions and trends in Higher Education policies across several Asian countries. Through an interdisciplinary and comparative approach the semester will be dedicated to the investigation of the origin, design, implementation, and effects of different policy responses to development problems and challenges. In particular the course will examine how the Higher Education choices reflect development goals of states and nations. Combining lectures with the intervention of outside speakers (expert analysts, journalists, diplomats, public figures), current education policy problems and debates will be related to political, economic, social and historical context, with particular concern for issues such as skilled migrations, human resources development, R&D, modernity, democracy. The course will focus on the major cases of China, India, Singapore, Japan and Korea, but students will be encouraged to bring a comparative perspective with other regions of the world. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U6734x Social Enterprise and Sustainable Development in India This experience is an intensive field application of the development practice and social enterprise tools and techniques that SIPA students have learned in the course of their studies. Social Enterprise Magic Bus (SEMB) is a transformative international learning experience in real-life social enterprise. Through a learning-by-doing approach, SEMB students delve into critical social problems in the country they visit-poverty, climate change, environmental degradation, disease, illiteracy, human trafficking, food insecurity, etc.-and subsequently, help develop innovative solutions to those problems that create real social change. For SIPA students, Social Enterprise Magic Bus serves the huge demand for practical experience in social enterprise and equips students with relevant business skills across sectors in an international development context. SEMB emphasizes personal growth and builds career readiness by imbuing participants with knowledge, tools, networks, and practical experience. The program has become a game-changer that yields real impact by converting students into social enterprise leaders and social change makers. The fee for "Social Enterprise and Sustainable Development in India" is estimated at $4400 per student not including international airfare If the course is full and your are interested in registering, please contact Professor Sara Minard (cm2845@columbia.edu) SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management. SIPA: Electives.

INAF U6735x Issues in Rural Development 3 pts. This is a survey course; students will be exposed to a range of resource persons, ideas and concepts. The objectives of the course are to: improve the understanding of the role and importance of rural development in today's world; develop awareness and conceptual, analytical and operational skills relevant to the social, environmental and economic dimensions of rural development, improve the ability to engage with and influence debates on rural development, and increase the ability to access the rural development literature and community. The course is organized around technical, economic and governance issues. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6751x and y International Human Rights Law: Politics and Relevance 3 pts. This course introduces students to international human rights law (IHRL). In what sense are internationally-defined human rights "rights" and in what sense can the instruments which define them be considered "law"? How do we know that a claim is actually a "human right"? What are the relations among international, regional and national institutions in establishing and enforcing (or not) IHRL? Does IHRL represent an encroachment on national sovereignty? Is the future of IHRL regional? What enforcement mechanisms can we use, and who can decide upon their use? Finally, what redress is there for human rights violations, and how effective is it? SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U6760y Managing Risk in Natural and other Disasters 3 pts. The aim of this one-semester 3-point course is to provide students with insights and skills they need to respond to and manage 'natural' and man-made disasters during their future professional careers. The course provides a conceptual framework that should allow students to develop and include policies into their future professional activities with the aim to minimize the exposure of people or entire populations to disasters and foster the populations' disaster resilience. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs.

INAF U6775y Indian Economy in Transition 3 pts. This course will be devoted to an analytic study of the transformation. The bulk of the course will be devoted to understanding the reforms that are under way or must be undertaken to accelerate growth and poverty reduction. On the macroeconomic front, we will discuss the issues related to fiscal deficit, public debt and the likelihood of a macroeconomic crisis. Special attention will be paid to the external sector reforms including trade liberalization, foreign investment liberalization, capital account convertibility, preferential trade arrangements and multilateral trade negotiations. Among domestic reforms, we will discuss the reform of the tax system, subsidies, agriculture, product and factor markets, infrastructure and social sectors. Cautionary Note: This is a new course whose content will evolve as the semester progresses. Therefore, the description should be viewed as tentative. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Southern Asia.

INAF U6802y International Law 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course introduces students to the basic doctrines of public international law and considers their relationship to both international relations theory and a range of problems in current international politics. The aim of the course is to provide a framework to understand the normative dimensions of international relations. Students are asked to consider the theoretical arguments, processes and frameworks that provide the structure of international law, and to analyze their practical application to world issues of current concern. A problem-oriented approach to various case studies will be used in both lectures and discussion sessions, including situations in the former Yugoslavia, East Timor, Africa and Iraq. In this way, the course attempts to integrate method, substance, concepts and domestic application of the international legal system. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ISP.

INAF U6820y Theory of International Political Economy 3 pts. This course serves as an introduction to the politics of international economic relations. We examine the history and institutions of the international political economy and the theories that seek to explain them as well as analyze several political economy issues at once classic and contemporary, such as the sources of economic growth, the origins and consequences of globalization, and causes of and appropriate policy responses to income inequality. In addition to sampling contemporary writings in the field, we read several classic works, especially on theoretical approaches. Students need not have an extensive background in international economics to complete this course satisfactorily, but those not familiar with basic economic principles will find several sections of the class very challenging. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U6827x Methods for Development Practice 3 pts. This course is the first part of a two-course sequence for advanced students concentrating in Economic and Political Development. The second part is the Workshop in Development Practice (SIPA U9001). These courses are integrated into a year-long encounter with the actual practice of development. The course seeks to help students develop a conceptual and critical understanding of some of the key tools and approaches employed by organizations in development practice, and to skill students in using these approaches and tools in a discerning, ethical and effective manner that recognizes their shortcomings and limitations. The course takes a hands-on approach and promotes learning by doing. Questions of "Whose development? Whose priorities and agenda? Whose proposed solutions and strategies?" are ever present in choosing development approaches and outcomes. Development work, to the extent it involves development organizations and workers entering as external agents of change into a national arena or local community, is an intensely political exercise. What has changed in the course of development practice is that development workers increasingly perceive themselves less as direct agents of change - delivering top-down transfers of knowledge and resources from those who know best or have more, to those in need or who need to be influenced - and more as facilitators of change. According to this approach, the development worker seeks to act as a medium and partner in identifying local needs and priorities, and helping to translate these into equitable and sustainable development outcomes through knowledge-sharing, empowerment, capacity building and/or additional resources. However, this transition has been uneven, and externally-driven, top-down approaches persist. Development workers also need to be continually aware of the values, assumptions and biases that they bring to their interactions with local actors and that are implicit in the approaches and tools that they use. With needs, priorities and agendas contested across many levels and sets of interests, the job of a development worker is a complex and responsible one. To that end, this course also challenges students to reflect on their goals and desired approaches in their future roles as development agents. Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U6899x Program Evaluation: Domestic and International Programs 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6500 An advanced level course designed to give students the knowledge base and core skills (quantitative and qualitative) to carry out evaluations of programs, organizations and social services. This course focuses on types of evaluation, evaluation design and theory, measurement, sampling, data collection, ethics and politics in evaluation, data analysis, and utilization of findings. SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management.

INAF U8094y Labor Rights in a Global Economy 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The present period is marked by increasing cross-border flows of goods, services, and capital; transformations in corporate organization; transitions in political regimes and social systems; and new patterns of labor migration and trafficking. These changes raise many pressing questions about the regulation of workplaces and labor markets from the local to the global levels. Major themes in the seminar include: Which regions and social groups are the winners and losers in the global economy? What is the relationship between labor rights and economic development? Can we design regulatory institutions to enhance democracy, equality, and compliance with labor rights at the domestic, regional and international levels? What is the relationship between public and private enforcement of labor rights and standards? Topics include: comparative models of labor law in North America, Europe, Latin America, and Asia; core international labor rights; linkage of labor rights with trading systems; enforcement of cross-border labor rights by U.S. courts and executive officials; multinational corporations and codes of conduct; the "living wage" movement; transnational union organizing; cross-border networks of labor migration and trafficking; and household labor and the informal sector. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U8099x Emerging Market Investment Climate 3 pts. Firms-from microenterprises to multinationals-play a central role in growth and poverty reduction. Their investment decisions are central to create jobs, to provide goods and services to the economy, and the tax revenues the governments can draw on to fund health, education and other services. The World Bank's World Development Report 2005: A Better Investment Climate for Everyone argues that improving the investment climates of their societies should be a top priority for governments. Improving the investment climate is the first of the two pillars in the World Bank's overall development strategy. This course emphasizes issues and policies that are particularly relevant for the growth of the private sector in developing countries in a globalized world. The course also emphasizes the role of international organizations in providing assistance in this regard. The objectives of the course are the following:(1)to highlight the importance of improving the investment climate -to learn about the factors that shapes the opportunities and incentives for firms to invest productively and for governments to create the right conditions for them to create jobs and expand (2) to familiarize students with the role of international organizations in helping to remove distortions and in providing assistance and knowledge (3)to provide an opportunity for students to discuss and write country reports along the lines of those produced in international organizations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U8101x Microfinance and Capital Markets 1.5 pts. Prerequisites: One prior class in microfinance, prior microfinance work experience, or a graduate-level corporate finance class. Microfinance & the Capital Markets is targeted at students who are interested in exploring a career in microfinance and deepening their understanding of how microfinance institutions (MFIs) access capital to grow their operations. The course focus is on commercial funding and will explore several landmark finance transactions in the microfinance industry globally; current trends in financing microfinance; and capital raising strategies from the MFI perspective. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U8102y Planning of Microfinance Institutions 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The main thread throughout this advanced course will be the design and planning of a microfinance institution. At each stage in the design process the course will delve into a variety of relevant key issues and debates in the field of microfinance, with extensive discussion on the tensions felt by microfinance managers dealing with the creation of a sustainable business whose clients are generally among the poorest of the society. To integrate the themes of the course, students will create a business plan for their institution, including financial projections using the Microfin 4.0 planning and projection software (which will be taught during the course). Approximately 20% of the course will cover financial management issues, including understanding the key financial ratios used in the microfinance industry. Material will focus primarily on microfinance in developing countries, with brief comparisons to issues of microfinance in the US. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8136x or y US Foreign Policy-Persian Gulf 3 pts. This course will focus on the process by which U.S. foreign policy is formulated and executed, using the Persian Gulf region as case material. Readings and lectures will examine the relationship between U.S. government agencies (White House, State, Defense, CIA, Congress, etc.) and instrumentalities (declaratory policy, diplomacy, military presence, arms transfers, covert action, etc.) in the pursuit of national goals. Special attention will be devoted to the analysis of U.S. regional policy and international relations from the Iranian revolution through the two gulf wars to the present. Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: Middle East. SIPA: United States.

INAF U8145x Advanced Economic Development for international Affairs 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6401 This is an advanced course in development economics, designed for SIPA students concentrating in economic and political development. The treatment of the material will be rigorous, and will presume knowledge of calculus. Coursework will include extensive empirical exercises, requiring the use of Stata or similar statistical software. Topics will include the economics of growth; the relationship between growth and poverty and inequality; the role of population pressures and rural-urban migration; the interaction between agrarian institutions in land, labor, credit, and insurance markets; management of common-property resources and sustainable development; and trade and globalization from the perspective of developing countries. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track.

INAF U8150y Economic Transformations in New Democracies This course examines the relationship between democratization and economic transformation. It adopts a comparative perspective to examine efforts at democratization in Eastern Europe in 1989 and, most recently, in North Africa. Topics include: patterns of social mobilization (including communication technologies), forms of accountability, property transformation, transnational organizations, and the role of international contexts. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8161y Seminar in Law, Economics and Development 3 pts. As Adam Smith noted long ago, economic development cannot occur in the absence of a stable legal system. The purpose of this course is two-fold. First, the course reviews some of the modern developments in economics that are relevant for the study of institutions. Second, it uses these tools to explore the structure of the law, and its impact upon economic performance. The goal is to provide a foundation for the understanding of legal institutions that goes beyond national boundaries, and can help better understand the challenges that rapid economic growth and globalization pose for policy makers. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8172x Theory, History, and Practice of Human Rights 3 pts. This course is intended to introduce student to key debates in the field of human rights. It will require extensive reading as background to a focused discussion of key theoretical issues. Historically, we shall distinguish between two epochs in the development of human rights discourse: (a) the politically-centered articulation of human rights, an epoch that began with the French Revolution and the Rights of Man and closed with Eleanor Roosevelt's 1948 Declaration that provided the intellectual foundation for the 20th century welfare state, and (b) the ethically-centered call, 'Never Again', as the lesson of the Holocaust, which provides the foundation for a programmatic Responsibility to Protect (R2P). What has changed and what has remained the same as the focus of human rights has shifted from a call for resistance to one for rescue and intervention? We shall compare and contrast two specific contexts in which human rights discourse has become dominant: (a) survivor states: the United States (and South Africa) ; (b) victim states: Israel (and Rwanda). What was the lesson of Auschwitz (and Hiroshima)? And what is the lesson of the South African transition? Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U8178y Rethinking Human Rights 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course is aimed at graduate students in all Columbia schools and programs who have substantial expertise or experience in human rights. It seeks to discuss problematic, troubling, or controversial topics within human rights theory, discourse and practice, as a way of forging new understandings, new ideas, and new practices. The course is built around discussion of selected writings that bring to the surface contested and controversial issues. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights.

INAF U8180x Human Rights Skills and Advocacy 3 pts. The course seeks to provide students within the Human Rights Concentration with opportunities to learn and apply skills essential for human rights advocacy, analysis of human rights challenges and the development of appropriate responses; it also addresses the Human Rights. Through classroom trainings, completion of case studies and potentially, interaction with clients, students will gain hands-on experience of rights-based work and exposure to rights professionals. The course is designed to enhance both (1) the practical skills students will need as human rights professionals; and (2) the critical thinking skills they will need to assess both effective and ineffective campaigns, strategies or approaches to expanding rights protections and enjoyment. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: IMAC.

INAF U8189x The Politics of History and Reconciliation 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. Since the end of the Cold War historical memory has come to play an increasing role in international and intranational conflicts. In addition numerous countries which are transitioning from dictatorship to democracy have focused on the gross historical violations of the previous regime. But not all. The question is how does a focus on the past facilitate present reconciliation? Societies are faced with the expectation that they will attend to the crimes of previous regimes. But what are crimes in historical perspective? And what are the standards for historical responsibility? How does historical conflict and reconciliation differ from approaches to immediate accountability for the past in newly democratic societies? The course examines these political and ethical dilemmas in a comparative historical perspective. SIPA: East Central Europe. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U8198y Evaluating Development Results 3 pts. Starting with an introduction to development evaluation, the course will review the various types and subjects of development evaluation, the key elements in designing and managing an evaluation and selecting an appropriate evaluation methodology. The subsequent three sessions will focus in more detail on particular approaches and types of evaluation, namely impact evaluation, participatory evaluation and evaluation of humanitarian interventions. The final session will discuss the analysis and communication of evaluative evidence, and follow up to evaluations, with a review of lessons on what makes for a useful evaluation. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U8221x Elections & Political Development 3 pts. This course will begin with a review of the major issues surrounding elections and political development including: electoral systems, election fraud and the role of domestic and international monitors, political parties, and the relationship between elections and democratic breakthroughs and consolidations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Russia.

INAF U8243x Politics and Public Sector Reform in Developing Countries 3 pts. The course emphasizes the politically contentious elements of public management reforms in developing countries, including, inter alia, civil service downsizing, merit and performance based human resource management, and probity and transparency in public financial management practices. By looking at available political analysis of efforts to initiate and implement sustained changes of this type in a range of poor and middle-income countries, the objective is to try to extract general lessons of what goes wrong and right politically. Students will be encouraged to think strategically about how real reforms can be engineered to optimize political as well as technical feasibility. While the focus is on developing contexts, some advanced country examples will also be referenced to illustrate general principles. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track.

INAF U8246y Comparative Development: East Asia and Its Lessons 3 pts. This course will first, examine the nature, ingredients and gradations of the extraordinary success of several East Asian economies. The lessons of their experience have been the subject of an extensive literature. The course will introduce students to the main controversies. The second part will illuminate the debate by contrasting the experience and policies of East Asia with stylized trends and overviews of developments in each of the regions of Latin America, South Asia (Indian subcontinent), Sub-Saharan Africa and the transition economies of Europe and Central Asia. These comparisons will be informed by the question of what the lessons of East Asian success are for these other regions. SIPA: East Asian. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8350x Microfinance and the Developing World 3 pts. Focuses on financial service models and institutions or "microfinance". The objectives are to increase understanding of the issues involved in the design and management of micro- and small enterprise (MSE) development, explore the institutional dynamics of microfinance institutions, and develop and put into practice analytical skills, tools, and techniques used by MSE project managers. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8354y Micro-Enterprise Development 3 pts. This course will be delivered from a donor perspective. However, the business approach applied to the identification and support of microfinance investments is very much in line with practices of commercial investors A critical understanding of the major concepts, trends and policies driving the development of the industry; An introduction to basic techniques for design, management and appraisal of microfinance projects; Understanding of the current state of development of the sector and leading success models. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8415x US-Latin American Relations: WWII to Present 3 pts. The course seeks to analyze the dynamics and issues that describe relations between the United States and Latin America since the end of World War II. A complete picture of the current state of affairs in the hemisphere and the reasons that led to it require an analysis in three different - but related - dimensions. To cover the first one, the course analyzes historical benchmarks that contextualize particular overt American interventions in the region, dissecting their causes, operation and consequences. In a second dimension, the course looks at topics that have permeated the relationship between the United States and Latin America over this period. Because of their typically cross-national nature, they illustrate a different set of dynamics and concerns that have fueled tensions in the relationship. A third and final dimension concerns recent developments in Latin America that affect and have been affected by American foreign policy. Their novelty suggests that these issues will remain relevant at least in the immediate future. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Latin America. SIPA: United States.

INAF U8454x Investment Strategies in Developing Countries 3 pts. Prerequisites: SIPA U6200 The first regular session of U8454 will be September 17; there will be an information session on September 4 at 6:10 in room 1501 IAB, but no meeting on September 10. From the practical perspective of a foreign institution investing outside its home market, this course is geared to help answer these questions. Moreover, the class hones students' fluency in developing country economic fundamentals, available asset classes, and investment strategies. In addition, the course explores the historical background and underpinnings of global finance's transformation over the last twenty years and their impact on emerging market capital formation. Special attention will be paid to analyzing the political, social, and economic landscapes of developing countries and their market implications. All of this will be addressed within a larger cyclical understanding of technology, global development, and liquidity flows. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U8456x Higher Education Policy in Developing Countries This interdisciplinary seminar examines the social, political, and economic bases of higher education policymaking in the developing world, attempting to describe and explain how and why specific issues gain visibility in the public policy agenda and the roles played by various actors, which policies are adopted and implemented, and with what effects on higher education and society. The seminar focuses on middle and upper-middle income countries in Latin America and Asia that have recently and rapidly moved from elite to mass, complex higher education systems. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8507x The Security Council and Peacekeeping in Africa in the 21st Century 3 pts. Instructor Permission Required This course will focus on the role of the Security Council (SC) as a decision making body in the establishment and conduct of peace keeping operations in Africa in the post cold war period. It will examine the multiple factors, which come into play in the authorization of peace keeping operations by the SC. It will provide an understanding of the political dynamics and practical diplomacy of the international system as it applies to Africa. The course will analyze the current political context, in which conflicts in Africa are bound to happen in the future. It will examine the reorientation of the UN's attention towards issues like terrorism, Middle East, Iraq and Afghanistan and WMD. Will Africa be the poor parent and remain outside the intervention zone? Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: Africa. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: ICR. SIPA: UN Studies.

INAF U8528x Globalization, International Migration, and Development 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This seminar offers an overview of major debates in the study of international migration in the twentieth century. Its central focus is to explore the possibility of understanding the ways in which the current globalization shapes new patterns of migration as well as the implication of migration for the development of migrant sending countries as well as migrant communities in the industrialized nations with particular reference to the United States. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

INAF U8537y Climate Change Policy 3 pts. Climate change is the most challenging international policy problem that exists today. The course will primarily focus on two questions. First, what should be done about climate change? Second, what can be done about it? The first question requires an understanding of the science, impacts, technological options, economics, and ethics of climate change policy. The second question requires an understanding of the politics, international law, and international relations aspects of climate change policy. The course will not provide firm answers to these questions. It aims instead to provide a framework and the knowledge required for students to come to their own conclusions. Indeed, every student taking this course is required to answer these questions, and to defend their conclusions rigorously. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: E&E- Energy Policy.

INAF U8559x Building Peace after Conflict 1.5 pts. This short course traces the outlines of the international community's steep learning curve in addressing the challenges of post-conflict peace building. It will examine some of the early UN and World Bank experiments in restoring nation states, follow the institutional changes meant to build capacity in the field of post-conflict recovery, look at the methodological and funding tools developed to strengthen field operations, and review some case studies illustrating the impact of this evolution.SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ICR. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U8560y Managing The UN System 3 pts. In this course, the participants will examine the governance structure and decision-making processes in the UN organizations. They will review the rules and regulations whereby the organizations handle people, money and tangible assets, and see how they manage their human and financial resources. Special attention will be paid to the way in which cultural and political factors influence management practices. Key issues such as decentralization, coordination and the management of change will recur throughout the course. The interaction of the UN system with donors, the private sector and with civil society as partners in the provision of services will be closely studied. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: UN Studies.

INAF U8619x China and the Global Economy Through this seminar students will develop an integrated perspective on the Chinese economy and the policy environment and choices that are under consideration by and available to policy makers and business executives. The global implications of the changing nature and structure of the Chinese economy will be examined. Both macro and micro dimensions will be considered. Instructor permission is required to register for this course. Please go to: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/sipa_registration/instructions.html for instructions. SIPA: East Asian. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

INAF U8675x and y Emerging Capital Markets: Theory & Practice 3 pts.Prerequisites for this course: SIPA U6401, PEPM U4612 or EMPA U8216: The goal of this course is to teach students about the historical relationships between financial risk, capital structure and legal and policy issues in emerging markets. Our strategy will be to develop a model of how and why international capital flows to emerging market countries and to use the model to examine various topics in the history of international financing from the 1820's to the present. Students will identify patterns in investor and borrower behavior, evaluate sovereign capital structures, and analyze sovereign defaults, including the debt negotiation process during the various debt crises of the past 175 years. We will focus primarily on Latin America, emerging Asia, and Russia, although the lessons will be generalized to cover all emerging market countries. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Latin America.

INAF U8689x or y Future of Global Financial Institutions 1.5 pts. In today's global world, there is no aspect of business that is not directly or materially affected by the giants of the financial services sector. The study of international commerce, then, should include an understanding of the current and future role of global financial institutions, key drivers influencing the industry, and strategic challenges and opportunities facing today's financial services' CEOs. This course will provide a student, without a financial institution background, with critical fundamentals to apply to their own experiences. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U8690y Managing Humanitarian Emergencies This course focuses on the actual management problems of humanitarian interventions and helps students obtain the professional skills and insight needed to work in complex humanitarian emergencies, and to provide oversight and guidance to humanitarian operations from a policy perspective. It is a follow-up to the fall course that studied the broader context, root causes, actors, policy issues, and debates in humanitarian emergencies. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Management.

INAF U8738y Peacemaking/Peacekeeping 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course will explore the major conceptual and operational transitions which have occurred in the character and responsibilities of UN Peacekeeping over the past 16 years. United Nations Peace Operations have evolved significantly since the end of the Cold War. In 2006 over 90,000 peacekeepers were deployed in 16 missions mostly in Africa and the Middle East. The UN Summit of world leaders in December 2005 adopted the concept of The Responsibility to Protect - a new global norm placing human rights over traditional concepts of sovereignty. Yet the humanitarian and political crisis in Darfur underscores the profound gap between principle and implementation. The Summit also established the UN Peacebuilding Commission reflecting a growing awareness that rebuilding collapsed states will require significant civilian as well as military engagement over a longer timeframe than heretofore envisaged for UN operations. There is also a new willingness to work in partnership with regional organizations. We will conclude the course by assessing the capacity and political will of UN member states to meet these challenges as well as to develop a strengthened response to the nuclear programs of Iran and North Korea and the threat of international terrorism. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Intl Org. SIPA: ISP. SIPA: Middle East. SIPA: ICR. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: UN Studies.

INAF U8785y Gender, Politics, and Development 3 pts. This course explores the multiple constructions of gender in development and political discourse, and how these constructions in state policy. The emphasis in the readings and discussion will be on understanding how differentiated gender roles inform international politics of development, through economic and political strategy, institutional structure, civil society and state-based institutions. We will interrogate feminisms and their sociocultural contexts, and examine various forms of development theory, institutions, economic segments, and case studies. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy.

INAF U8789y Challenges in Democratization and Governance 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course will seek to examine the emergence and practice of democratization as both a foreign policy and political development. It will draw on writings on democracy and democratization from academics as well as practitioners. SIPA: EPD.

INAF U8792y Women & Nonprofit Management 1.5 pts. This course is designed as an introduction to the dynamic world of non-profits as seen through the eyes of women leaders in the field. Non-profits play a vital role in our society. Their missions are as diverse as the varied needs of the communities they serve and include many organizations founded by women such as: the American Red Cross, the Girl Scouts, the League of Women Voters, Planned Parenthood, the first settlement houses, Inwood House as well as a host of other large and small organizations all working to improve the circumstances of individuals, social groups, states and countries. The course will introduce students to the history of women's leadership in the non-profit arena as well as to a number of women who currently lead non-profits. Women's leadership styles, the importance of the mission statement and methods of managing will be discussed as well as the opportunities available in the non-profit world to make an impact. The class will be highly interactive, and a number of leaders of non-profit organizations will speak on a variety of topics. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U8882y Practicum on Education in Emergencies 1.5 pts. This course will focus on preparing students to understand the importance of education in the "emergency" settings; to reflect on the ways in which education interfaces with protective or non-protective forces in these settings; and to articulate the best practices and minimum standards for implementing education programming across these settings. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Short Courses.

INAF U8885y Conflict Assessment 3 pts. Instructor Permission Required International actors often apply different methodologies to assess conflicts. These methodologies help them determine the best ways to address a conflict and maximize their opportunities to prevent or alleviate crises. This course examines how international actors including the World Bank, UN agencies, bilateral donors and NGOs, analyze conflict and the interaction between conflict dynamics and their own engagement in a given country or region. The class will explore how analytical frameworks can be used to assess the impact of development, humanitarian and peacebuilding programs on existing conflict factors and dynamics. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the concept of conflict assessment, its development and implementation; exploring different approaches to conflict assessment, including an examination of different implicit assumptions and theories of conflict. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: ICR.

INAF U8909x Environment, Conflict & Resolution Strategies 3 pts. Environmental conflict resolution has emerged with an integrated role of research and practice within the growing field of conflict analysis and resolution. As the world faces increasing environmental problems and conflicts with growing environmental dimensions, there has also been an increasing creativity of response through different channels. The implications for the successful resolution of environmental conflict are the necessary and integrated contributions of all aspects of international affairs, including international security policy, economic policy, human rights and development. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: ICR. SIPA: PESP.

INAF U8912y Technology, Innovation and Sustainable Goals 1.5 pts. It has become vital (because of mass poverty,climate change,biodiversity rapid erosion,water and food crisis,...), to shift to a more sustainable form of development.This will require effectively mobilizing all resources of human societies:scientific and technical resources,as well as behavioral and institutional moving forces.None may be neglected,and the way they are articulated will be decisive. SIPA: Applied Science. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

PUAF U6460x Benchmarking Education and Skills Development 1.5 pts. Benchmarking is the process of continuously comparing and measuring against other organizations' performance, and analyzing the philosophies, practices, and measures that help an organization improve performance. Benchmarking goes beyond competitive analysis and encourages practitioners to examine organizations in markets that are different from their own. Benchmarking goes beyond quantitative analysis, and practitioners will consider organizational dynamics and qualitative characteristics in performance. Using a public sector-based case study with hands-on group activities, as well as various other examples given by the instructors, this course will teach students the benchmarking process along with the different tools and techniques to be used in implementation. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Short Courses.

PUAF U8360x Social Movements and Social Change 3 pts. This graduate seminar examines social change mainly as a product of social movements, or the collective efforts to promote social change by people who lack access to institutionalized power. We will engage with some of the main debates in the study of social movements, reading both theoretical analyses of key issues and empirical research on various movements and social change case studies. The seminar will focus on social change as an outcome of social movements at the local community level, the national level, and the transnational level. The main goal is to help students understand different processes of social change and, in particular, "how social movements matter" -or how movements affect social and political change. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

PUAF U8510x Women and Power: the Impact of Public & Private Sector Policy 1.5 pts. This practicum takes a hard look at the gains of the "women's revolution" and the gains across a range of sectors. A group of prominent individuals (business and civic leaders, scholars, policymakers), all pioneers in the own right, will assess how far women have come in a variety of fields -- Business, Philanthropy, Government, Non Profit and Entrepreneurship -- and describe what they see as the unfinished agenda. Particular attention will be paid to exploring policy proposals that encompass both public and private sector initiatives. Course Dates: October 20 - December 8.SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Urban Policy Track. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Short Courses.

REGN U4450y Islam in South Asian Politics 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This multi-disciplinary course will introduce the student to history, role and influence of Islam in the politics of South Asia. Ranging from the dynamics of spread of Islam in the Indian sub-continent to the interaction between Islam and other great religions of the region, the course will explore the intricacies of both belief and practice of Islam, including Sufism, which played a crucial role in creating a space for Muslims in South Asia. Important aspects of Islamic tradition and history in the region will be studied to understand the background of how these factors shaped South Asian Muslim identity and political thought. South Asian Muslims' political life and discourse from 11th century through the 21st will be the focus of inquiry. In this context the course will outline the role of Islam in pre-colonial society as well as the movements for religious and political reform of the nineteenth and twentieth century for enabling students to be able to interpret the historical processes through which the perception of the Muslim individual and the community of Islam has developed (and in some ways reconfigured) in South Asia. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Southern Asia.

REGN U6149y Energy, Corporate Responsibility & Human Rights 3 pts. This course will focus on energy companies' practices, and their impact. These practices will be examined in part through the prism of Central and Eastern Europe with particular focus on the land of the Rose Revolution, Georgia, through which the strategic multi-billion dollar oil and gas pipelines from Azerbaijan to Turkey and the West are to be constructed. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Russia.

REGN U6415y Financial Issues in Latin America 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course focuses on economic policy and institutional shortcomings (in the fiscal, monetary, banking and exchange-rate areas), as well as on other domestic and external forces that have combined to generate instability in the region's economies and financial markets. We then use specific case studies to go more in depth into particular situations encountered in recent years. By the end of the course, having read and discussed more than 20 articles and 3 books, students gain an in-depth understanding of the financial problems that are being overcome and those that are more structural in nature and of the major policy implications that follow. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

REGN U6423x Problems of Economic Growth in Latin America 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course is organized around the most important question in Latin America today: Why have the lives of most people in Latin America failed to improve economically despite the region's adoption of the most ambitious reforms in its history? We will examine this growth puzzle from as many points of view as possible, drawing insights from various disciplines and calling upon expert practitioners in various fields of finance and business. We will do this in an attempt to learn the key strengths that sustained economic growth in Latin America for decades, the factors that led to a weakening of this growth after 1980, and the rationale for and results of the great economic reforms of the 1990s. Most importantly of all, we will focus on what lies ahead - on case studies of successful and failed strategies, on what seems to be working in terms of economic policies and what needs to be changed. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy. SIPA: Latin America.

REGN U6520y Political Identity Post Communism 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course examines the complex relations between policies and identities in various countries of post-communist Eastern, Central and Southern Europe. It deals with various aspects of identity politics, including language, ethnicity, religion and memory, in an array of social domains encompassing education, public administration, citizenship, foreign policy, the media, churches, toponymy, and public monuments. It seeks to describe post-communist processes in these domains as both grounded in the ideologies and practices of the communist and pre-communist past and shaped by general sociopolitical situation in the countries under consideration and external (geo)political contexts in which they were choosing their transformation strategies. A case featured in the course is Ukraine; it is very interesting in view of its ambivalent historical legacy and contradictory policies in post-Soviet years and has been rather extensively studied by Western scholars. At the same time, the course also pays considerable attention to cases as different as Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, and Bosnia-Herzegovina. This choice of cases makes it possible to present a diversity and complexity of identity politics in post-communist societies. In particular, it makes it possible to show how different degrees of radicalism of "nationalizing" policies have been both determined by inherited ideologies of elites and identities of masses and determining post-communist transformation of these ideologies and identities, as well as influencing social stability, democratic reform and foreign policy trajectories. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Europe. SIPA: Russia.

REGN U6630y Public Policy in Contemporary China 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This graduate course is designed to introduce students to public policy processes in contemporary China. By studying the causes, content, and consequences of major public policies in post-Mao China, students will not only become familiar with certain important public policy domains, but also learn how decisions are made, why particular policies are adopted, and to what extent the actual policy outcomes deviate from the stated intention of policy makers. In addition, they will gain an in-depth understanding of contemporary Chinese politics by analyzing the relationship between the structural/institutional changes and the dynamics of public policy processes. SIPA: East Asian. SIPA: EPD.

REGN U6638y Nation, State and Southeast Asia 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course will examine Southeast Asia as a region, from intersecting historical, cultural, political and economic perspectives. We will take as our starting point that transnational processes have shaped and continue to shape personal biographies, specific nation-building projects and international economic and political relations. This course draws on in-depth field work from the social sciences, and takes an intersectional approach (race, class, gender, age and religion), to introduce students to how transnational processes of globalization - namely economic integration, cross-border migrations, and technological innovations - are shifting what it means to be "global" in Southeast Asia. This course will examine the challenges local communities face in managing education, health care, their environment, borders, capital and their families in the context of increasing urbanization, immigration and digitization. Throughout the course, students will be asked to critically examine how global-local binaries have been constructed to explain social change, what relationship this has to how change is experienced at different levels of social scale, and how these binaries are being resisted, challenged, ignored and transformed in social science research in and about Southeast Asia. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: East Asian. SIPA: EPD.

REGN U8600x China's New Marketplace 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This seminar is for students anticipating China-focused careers, shaping and responding to economic development. It is relevant both to those interested in international business and those interested in economic policy. This is an application class for 20 students, including those pursuing non-SIPA degrees. Second year students who have completed the first year economic sequence are encouraged to apply, as the course will require a strong conversance in topical economics (not econometrics). SEE INAF U8619 FOR A REVISED LISTING OF THIS COURSE. SIPA: East Asian. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: IFEP- Finance. SIPA: IFEP- Economic Policy.

REGN U8700y Political Leadership in International Affairs 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. The course will analyze, by examining case studies of specific decisions, the impact political leaders can have on international relations. The case studies are of important decisions over the past two decades. They will include Mikhail Gorbachev, Ronald Reagan, and the end of the Cold War; Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands War; Helmut Kohl and the unification of Germany, George Bush (the elder) and the Gulf War; Boris Yeltsin and the collapse of the Soviet Union; Bill Clinton and the Kosovo War; Vladimir Putin's strategy for restoring Russian power, and George W. Bush's decision to invade Iraq in 2003. The seminar considesr styles of leadership by some American and Russian presidents as a basis for comparing the styles of the other leaders whose decisions will be analyzed. SIPA: EPD.

REGN U8730x Reforming Legal Systems after Communism in Eastern Europe and Eurasia 3 pts. This course analyzes legal reforms in Eastern Europe and countries of the former Soviet Union which are members of the Council of Europe from legal, political and sociological perspectives. It considers common problems that these societies faced at the end of communist regimes and examines their uneven success in introducing the rule of law.

The course starts with working definitions of the "rule of law." It then focuses on developments in three areas of public law - constitutional, criminal, civil rights and liberties. Did countries in transition simply amend existing constitutions or did they create a completely new legal order? How distinct are new constitutions in Eastern Europe and Eurasia from West European counterparts or constitutional models elsewhere? Could nascent legal systems judge the communist past without violating basic principles of the rule of law? Choices made at the start of legal reforms continue to shape these countries' internal political dynamics and their relations with the international community.

Assessing successes and failures of legal reforms, the course examines their driving forces - among others, aspirations to join European institutions, internal political pressures, importation of western legal models, and demands for legal reform by civil society. The study of formal legal institutions such as independent judiciaries is combined with an attempt to measure more elusive social phenomena such as legal cultures.

Formal training in law is not required - rather, the course helps non-lawyers to acquire skills necessary to read and interpret legislation and the case law of domestic and international tribunals.

REGN U8755y Ukraine: Power Politics & Diplomacy 3 pts."What's going on in Ukraine now? Is there a promised political stability or a growing confrontation? What are the causes of current turmoil? Where is Kyiv heading: East, West or toward the grey zone in between? What's the impact of 2012 Parliamentary Election? Are there prospects for solving the outstanding energy problems? These and other issues, including behind-the-scene politics, power struggle and diplomatic activities, are dealt with in the newly revised course delivered by a career diplomat. The course is aimed at both graduate and advanced undergraduate students." SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Russia.

REGN U8757x Ukrainian Foreign Policy 3 pts. The course will provide historical perspectives on Ukraine's foreign relations and examine the trajectory of its foreign policy since Independence in 1991 till the Orange Revolution in 2004 and beyond. While providing an assessment of political, social and economic transformations and their impact on foreign policy, the course will focus on Ukraine's relationship with its major partners: Russia, Europe and the US, and its role at the United Nations. The class will be able to analyze Ukraine's renunciation of its nuclear arsenal, its quest for Euroatlantic integration and the obstacles thereto, its participation in regional structures and its attitude towards the Commonwealth of Independent States. The course delivers first-hand insights by a career diplomat who has been actively involved in the implementation of Ukrainian foreign policy. The format of the course will encourage active dialogue and analytical reflection on the part of the students. Each student will prepare a 10-15 page paper exploring the prospect of Ukraine's joining NATO and the EU or staying in the zone of Russia's influence, and the consequences thereof. SIPA: MIA- Interstate Relations. SIPA: East Central Europe. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Russia.

SDEV U6240x Environmental Science for Sustainable Development 3 pts. The Earth's Systems are experiencing dramatic changes that bring into question the sustainability of our planet. Essential to addressing these changes is an understanding of the functioning of the earth systems. This course provides fundamental knowledge of the topics within the natural sciences that are critical to address the issues of sustainable development. The interactions between the natural and human environment are complex and interconnected. A strong understanding of the functioning of the earth's processes is essential to addressing sustainable development challenges SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

SDEV U9240y Human Ecology and Sustainable Development 3 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013. This course describes the interactions between physical ecology and economic development, and stresses the two-way interactions between the physical environment and economic development. Ecological constraints (climate, disease ecology, physical resources such as soils and energy sources, topography and transport conditions) significantly shape the patterns of economic development, demography, and wealth and poverty. At the same time, anthropogenic activities (farming, resource depletion, demographic stresses, energy use) change the physical environment. The course aims to give a rigorous treatment of this two-way interaction, building on a rigorous foundation of earth systems processes to understand the ecological bases of human settlement. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy. SIPA: Development Practice.

SDEV U9245x Environment & Resource Economics 3 pts. The goal of this course is to introduce you to the basic concepts of natural resource and environmental economics in about 14 weeks. It should hence be seen as a survey class that introduces the basic ideas of the field. Prerequisites: Graduate level classes in micro-economics and econometrics as well as some knowledge of optimal control theory. Furthermore, you should know the basic commands in STATA and either MATLAB or R (for some of the problem sets, but they are easy to learn). SIPA: EPD. SIPA: E&E- IEMP. SIPA: E&E- Environment Policy.

SIPA U0010x and y (Section 1) Concentration: Economic and Political Development All SIPA candidates are required to register for one of the policy concentrations in each semester of matriculation at SIPA. The concentration registration will be for zero academic credits and will not affect or be affected by fees or financial charges. SIPA: EPD.

SIPA U9001y Workshop in Development Practice 3 pts. The Workshop in Development Practice is one of most exciting opportunities within the EPD concentration, and is also open to a limited number of students in the Human Rights Concentration and International Media, Advocacy and Communications specialization. Officially, it is a spring-semester course for second-year master's degree students, but workshop activities begin in the fall semester through the course on Methods for Development Practice. Through the workshop, students gain practical experience by engaging in on-going cutting-edge development efforts, often involving country fieldwork. Working in teams with a faculty supervisor, students assist a variety of clients on a wide array of assignments in international development. Students take a multidisciplinary approach to their work and learn extensively from each other as well as from the hands-on tasks of the workshop itself. Another key strength of the workshop is that it allows students to explore the intersection of development concerns with human rights, corporate social responsibility, humanitarian affairs, public health and environmental policy. Reflecting the utility of workshop assignments, a number of workshop reports are available on client websites and have been published. Past clients have included UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and UNIFEM; the World Bank; national and local governments; NGOs such as Catholic Relief Services, Endeavor, FilmAid International, International Institute for Rural Reconstruction, International Rescue Committee, Seva Mandir, Trickle Up, WaterAid, and Women's Refugee Commission; and development advisors such as DAI and Technoserve. The precise scope of the workshop project and outputs that the students will deliver are negotiated with each client. SIPA: EPD.

SOCW T6801x or y Social Welfare Policy 3 pts.SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track.

HPMN P6503y (Section 1) Introduction to Health Economics 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: Applied Science. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P6503 (Section 2) Introduction to Health Economics 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: Applied Science. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8507 Health and International Development: Institutions, Policies and Politics 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8514y Governance, Law & Ethics 1.5 pts. Prerequisites: P6530 or equivalent For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8539x Health and Health Systems in Low Income Communities 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8541 Economic Evaluation of Health Care Technology 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: APEA. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Management. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8577x Health Policy in Global Context 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

HPMN P8582y (Section 064) Program Evaluation Design for Health Policy Management 1.5 pts. For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

PHGH P6810x Introduction to Global Health 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8610y SRH and HIV/AIDS: Clinical, Policy, and Program Perspectives This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8620y Protection of Children in Disaster & War 1.5 pts.

This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8639y Gender-based Violence in Complex Emergencies 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8643x Maternal and Child Health in International Primary Health Care 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8648x Food and Nutrition in Complex Emergencies 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8670y Training for Public Health Programs 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8671x Globalization of Motherhood 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8673y Refugee Reproductive Health 1.5 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8685y Migration and Health: Global and Local Perspectives 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8687x Public Health and Humanitarian Action 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Humanitarian Affairs. SIPA: Electives.

POPF P8692x Law, Policy & Human Rights 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

SOSC P8748x Public Health Law, Ethics & Emergin Issues 3 pts. This is a Public Health Course. Public Health classes are offered on the Health Services Campus at 168th Street.

For more detailed course information, please go to Mailman School of Public Health Courses website at http://www.mailman.hs.columbia.edu/academics/courses SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Electives.

LAW L6071x Law and Development 3 pts. This is a Law School course. For more detailed course information, please go to the Law School Curriculum Guide at: http://www.law.columbia.edu/courses/search SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

LAW L6506x Gender Justice 3 pts. This is a Law School course. For more detailed course information, please go to the Law School Curriculum Guide at: http://www.law.columbia.edu/courses/search SIPA: Management. SIPA: Electives. SIPA: EPD. SIPA: USP- Social Policy Track. SIPA: Gender Policy. SIPA: Electives.

LAW L8144x The Legal and Political Economy of Hunger 2 pts. This is a Law School course. For more detailed course information, please go to the Law School Curriculum Guide at: http://www.law.columbia.edu/courses/search SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Electives.

LAW L8191y Protection of Social and Economic Rights 2 pts.Not offered in 2012-2013.

This is a Law School course.

For more detailed course information, please go to the Law School Curriculum Guide at: http://www.law.columbia.edu/courses/search

LAW L9165 Transitional Justice. This is a Law School course. For more detailed course information, please go to the Law School Curriculum Guide at: http://www.law.columbia.edu/courses/search SIPA: EPD. SIPA: Human Rights. SIPA: Electives.